Physics and radiobiology of nuclear medicine.

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator:Saha, Gopal B.
Edition:3rd ed.
Imprint:New York : Springer, c2006.
Description:xvi, 320 p. ; 25 cm.
Language:English
Subject:Medical physics.
Nuclear medicine.
Radiobiology.
Nuclear Medicine.
Biophysics.
Radiobiology.
Medical physics.
Nuclear medicine.
Radiobiology.
Format: Print Book
URL for this record:http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/6018961
Hidden Bibliographic Details
ISBN:0387307540
Table of Contents:
  • Preface
  • Chapter 1. Structure of Matter
  • Matter and Energy
  • Radiation
  • The Atom
  • Electronic Structure of the Atom
  • Structure of the Nucleus
  • Nuclear Binding Energy
  • Nuclear Nomenclature
  • Chart of the Nuclides
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 2. Radioactive Decay
  • Spontaneous Fission
  • Isomeric Transition
  • Gamma ([gamma])-Ray Emission
  • Internal Conversion
  • Alpha ([alpha])-Decay
  • Beta ([beta superscript -])-Decay
  • Positron ([beta superscript +])-Decay
  • Electron Capture
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 3. Kinetics of Radioactive Decay
  • Radioactive Decay Equations
  • General Equation
  • Half-Life
  • Mean Life
  • Effective Half-life
  • Units of Radioactivity
  • Specific Activity
  • Calculation
  • Successive Decay Equations
  • General Equation
  • Transient Equilibrium
  • Secular Equilibrium
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 4. Statistics of Radiation Counting
  • Error, Accuracy, and Precision
  • Mean and Standard Deviation
  • Gaussian Distribution
  • Standard Deviation of Count Rates
  • Propagation of Errors
  • Chi-Square Test
  • Minimum Detectable Activity
  • Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 5. Production of Radionuclides
  • Cyclotron-Produced Radionuclides
  • Reactor-Produced Radionuclides
  • Fission or (n, f) Reaction
  • Neutron Capture or (n, [gamma]) Reaction
  • Target and Its Processing
  • Equation for Production of Radionuclides
  • Radionuclide Generators
  • [superscript 99]Mo-[superscript 99m]Tc Generator
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 6. Interaction of Radiation with Matter
  • Interaction of Charged Particles with Matter
  • Specific Ionization
  • Linear Energy Transfer
  • Range
  • Bremsstrahlung
  • Annihilation
  • Interaction of [gamma]-Radiations with Matter
  • Mechanism of Interaction of [gamma]-Radiations
  • Attenuation of [gamma]-Radiations
  • Interaction of Neutrons with Matter
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 7. Gas-Filled Detectors
  • Principles of Gas-Filled Detectors
  • Ionization Chambers
  • Cutie Pie Survey Meter
  • Dose Calibrator
  • Pocket Dosimeter
  • Geiger-Muller Counters
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 8. Scintillation and Semiconductor Detectors
  • Scintillation Detectors
  • Solid Scintillation Detectors
  • Semiconductor Detectors
  • Solid Scintillation Counters
  • NaI(Tl) Detector
  • Photomultiplier Tube
  • Preamplifier
  • Linear Amplifier
  • Pulse-Height Analyzer
  • Display or Storage
  • Gamma-Ray Spectrometry
  • Photopeak
  • Compton Valley, Edge, and Plateau
  • Characteristic X-Ray Peak
  • Backscatter Peak
  • Iodine Escape Peak
  • Annihilation Peak
  • Coincidence Peak
  • Liquid Scintillation Counters
  • Characteristics of Counting Systems
  • Energy Resolution
  • Detection Efficiency
  • Dead Time
  • Gamma Well Counters
  • Calibration of Well Counters
  • Counting in Well Counters
  • Effects of Sample Volume
  • Thyroid Probe
  • Thyroid Uptake Measurement
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 9. Gamma Cameras
  • Gamma Cameras
  • Principles of Operation
  • Detector
  • Collimator
  • Photomultiplier Tube
  • X-, Y-Positioning Circuit
  • Pulse-Height Analyzer
  • Display and Storage
  • Digital Cameras
  • Solid State Digital Cameras
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 10. Performance Parameters of Gamma Cameras
  • Spatial Resolution
  • Intrinsic Resolution
  • Collimator Resolution
  • Scatter Resolution
  • Evaluation of Spatial Resolution
  • Bar Phantom
  • Line-Spread Function
  • Modular Transfer Function
  • Sensitivity
  • Collimator Efficiency
  • Uniformity
  • Pulse-Height Variation
  • Nonlinearity
  • Edge Packing
  • Gamma Camera Tuning
  • Effects of High Counting Rates
  • Contrast
  • Q`ality Control Tests for Gamma Cameras
  • Daily Checks
  • Weekly Checks
  • Annual or As-Needed Checks
  • Questions
  • References and Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 11. Digital Computers in Nuclear Medicine
  • Basics of a Computer
  • Central Processing Unit
  • Computer Memory
  • External Storage Devices
  • Input/Output Devices
  • Operation of a Computer
  • Digitization of Analog Data
  • Digital-to-Analog Conversion
  • Digital Images
  • Application of Computers in Nuclear Medicine
  • Digital Data Acquisition
  • Static Study
  • Dynamic Study
  • Gated Study
  • Reconstruction of Images
  • Superimposition and Subtraction of Images
  • Display
  • Software and DICOM
  • PACS
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 12. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
  • Tomographic Imaging
  • Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
  • Data Acquisition
  • Image Reconstruction
  • SPECT/CT
  • Factors Affecting SPECT
  • Performance of SPECT Cameras
  • Spatial Resolution
  • Sensitivity
  • Other Parameters
  • Quality Control Tests for SPECT Cameras
  • Daily Tests
  • Weekly Tests
  • Quality Control Tests for CT Scanners
  • Questions
  • References and Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 13. Position Emission Tomography
  • Positron-Emitting Radionuclides
  • Detector for PET
  • PM Tubes and Pulse-Height Analyzers
  • PET Scanners
  • Block Detectors
  • Coincidence Timing Window
  • PET/CT Scanners
  • Mobile PET or PET/CT
  • Micro-PET
  • Hybrid Gamma Cameras
  • Data Acquisition
  • Two-Dimensional Versus Three-Dimensional Data Acquisition
  • Image Reconstruction
  • Factors Affecting PET
  • Normalization
  • Photon Attenuation Correction
  • Random Coincidences
  • Scatter Coincidences
  • Dead Time
  • Radial Elongation
  • Performance of PET Scanners
  • Spatial Resolution
  • Sensitivity
  • Noise Equivalent Count Rate
  • Quality Control Tests for PET Scanners
  • Daily Tests
  • Weekly Tests
  • Questions
  • References and Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 14. Internal Radiation Dosimetry
  • Radiation Units
  • Dose Calculation
  • Radiation Dose Rate
  • Cumulative Radiation Dose
  • Radiation Dose in SI Units
  • Effective Dose Equivalent and Effective Dose
  • Pediatric Dosages
  • Questions
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 15. Radiation Biology
  • The Cell
  • Effects of Radiation
  • DNA Molecule
  • Chromosome
  • Direct and Indirect Actions of Radiation
  • Radiosensitivity of Cells
  • Cell Survival Curves
  • Factors Affecting Radiosensitivity
  • Dose Rate
  • Linear Energy Transfer
  • Chemicals
  • Stage of Cell Cycle
  • Classification of Radiation Damage
  • Stochastic and Deterministic Effects
  • Acute Effects of Total Body Irradiation
  • Hemopoietic Syndrome
  • Gastrointestinal Syndrome
  • Cerebrovasculor Syndrome
  • Long-Term Effects of Radiation
  • Somatic Effects
  • Genetic Effects
  • Risk Versus Benefit in Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
  • Risk to Pregnant Women
  • Dirty Bombs
  • Types of Radiation Exposure
  • Protective Measures in Case of Explosion of a Dirty Bomb
  • Verification Card for Radioactive Patients
  • Radiation Phobia
  • Questions
  • References and Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 16. Radiation Regulations and Protection
  • Sources of Radiation Exposure
  • License
  • Radiation Protection
  • Definition of Terms
  • Caution Signs and Labels
  • Occupational Dose Limits
  • ALARA Program
  • Principles of Radiation Protection
  • Personnel Monitoring
  • Dos and Don'ts in Radiation Protection Practice
  • Bioassay
  • Receiving and Monitoring Radioactive Packages
  • Radioactive Waste Disposal
  • Radioactive Spill
  • Recordkeeping
  • Medical Uses of Radioactive Materials
  • Applications, Amendments, and Notifications
  • Authority and Responsibilities of the Licensee
  • Supervision
  • Mobile Nuclear Medicine Service
  • Written Directives
  • Measurement of Dosages
  • Calibration, Transmission, and Reference Sources
  • Requirement for Possession of Sealed Sources
  • Labeling of Vials and Syringes
  • Surveys of Ambient Radiation Exposure Rate
  • Calibration of Survey Instruments
  • Training and Experience Requirements for Medical Uses of By-Product Materials
  • Report and Notification of a Medical Event
  • Report and Notification of a Dose to an Embryo/Fetus or a Nursing Child
  • Release of Patients Administered with Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Recordkeeping
  • Transportation of Radioactive Materials
  • European Regulations Governing Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Questions
  • References and Suggested Readings
  • Appendix A. Units and Constants
  • Appendix B. Terms Used in Texts
  • Appendix C. Answers to Questions
  • Index