Minimally invasive medical technology /
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Imprint: | Bristol [England] ; Philadelphia : Institute of Physics Pub., c2001. |
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Description: | xviii, 316 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. |
Language: | English |
Series: | Series in medical physics |
Subject: | Endoscopic surgery -- Technological innovations. Biomedical engineering. Surgical instruments and apparatus -- Design and construction. Medical physics. Biomedical engineering. Endoscopic surgery -- Technological innovations. Medical physics. Surgical instruments and apparatus -- Design and construction. |
Format: | Print Book |
URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/4511924 |
Table of Contents:
- Preface
- 1. Chemical Sensors
- 1.1. Objects of measurement
- 1.1.1. Objects of chemical measurement
- 1.1.2. Requirement of chemical-measurement sensor
- 1.1.3. Placement of sensors
- 1.2. Electrochemical sensors
- 1.2.1. Electrode potential
- 1.2.2. Potentiometric sensors
- 1.2.3. Amperometric measurement
- 1.2.4. Electrochemical gas sensors
- 1.3. Fiber-optic chemical sensors
- 1.3.1. Spectrophotometric analysis and Beer's Law
- 1.3.2. Fiber-optic chemical sensors
- 1.3.3. Optical oximetry
- 1.4. Other transducers
- 1.4.1. Acoustic bulk-wave device
- 1.4.2. Acoustic surface-wave device
- 1.4.3. Thermal measurement
- 1.5. Biosensors
- 1.5.1. Enzyme-based biosensors
- 1.5.2. Immunosensors
- 1.5.3. Microbial sensors
- Problems
- References
- 2. Neuro-Electric Signal Recording
- 2.1. Neuro-electric signal
- 2.1.1. Resting potential
- 2.1.2. Action potential
- 2.2. Conventional electrodes
- 2.2.1. Metal microelectrode
- 2.2.2. Micropipette electrode
- 2.3. Silicon-based microelectrodes
- Problems
- References
- 3. Pressure Sensors
- 3.1. Pressure measurement
- 3.2. Indirect pressure measurement
- 3.3. Direct measurement
- 3.3.1. Diaphragm for pressure sensor
- 3.3.2. Strain-gage pressure sensor
- 3.3.3. Capacitive pressure sensor
- 3.3.4. Fiber-optic pressure sensor
- 3.4. Catheter-type pressure sensors
- 3.4.1. Catheter-sensor pressure sensor
- 3.4.2. Catheter-tip pressure sensor
- Problems
- References
- 4. X-Ray-Based Imaging
- 4.1. X-ray production
- 4.1.1. The X-ray beam
- 4.1.2. X-ray tubes
- 4.1.3. Anode design
- 4.2. Interaction of X-rays with matter
- 4.2.1. Scattering
- 4.2.2. Harmful effects of exposure
- 4.3. X-ray detection
- 4.3.1. Screen-film detectors
- 4.3.2. Image intensifier
- 4.3.3. Digital detectors
- 4.4. Image quality
- 4.5. X-ray applications
- 4.5.1. X-ray mammography
- 4.5.2. Fluoroscopy
- 4.5.3. X-ray angiography
- 4.6. Computed tomography
- 4.6.1. Scanner technology
- 4.6.2. Filtered back-projection
- 4.6.3. Spiral CT
- Problems
- References
- 5. Nuclear Medicine
- 5.1. Radionuclides
- 5.2. Gamma detection
- 5.3. Single-photon emission computed tomography
- 5.4. Positron emission tomography
- 5.4.1. Event detection
- 5.4.2. Uses of PET
- 5.5. Image quality
- Problems
- References
- 6. MRI
- 6.1. MR physics
- 6.1.1. Precession
- 6.1.2. Excitation
- 6.1.3. Relaxation
- 6.2. Imaging principles
- 6.2.1. Selective excitation
- 6.2.2. Spatial encoding
- 6.2.3. Pulse sequences
- 6.3. Image quality
- 6.4. MR angiography
- 6.4.1. Noncontrast-enhanced methods
- 6.4.2. Contrast-enhanced MR angiography
- 6.5. Diffusion-weighted and functional MRI
- 6.6. MR spectroscopic imaging
- Problems
- References
- 7. Biomagnetic and Bioelectric Imaging
- 7.1. Bioelectromagnetism
- 7.1.1. Electroencephalography
- 7.1.2. Magnetoencephalography
- 7.1.3. Electrocardiography
- 7.1.4. Magnetocardiography
- 7.1.5. Biosuceptometry
- 7.2. Image generation
- 7.2.1. Heart bioelectrical or biomagnetic imaging
- 7.2.2. Brain bioelectric or biomagnetic imaging
- 7.2.3. The inverse problem
- 7.2.4. Space and temporal resolution
- 7.3. Bioeffects
- Problems
- References
- 8. Ultrasound
- 8.1. Physical principles of ultrasound
- 8.1.1. Sound waves in sonography
- 8.1.2. Speed, wavelength and frequency
- 8.1.3. Sound intensity
- 8.1.4. Sound behavior and its interaction with objects
- 8.2. Transducers
- 8.2.1. Transducer resonant frequency
- 8.2.2. Transducer assembly head
- 8.2.3. Types of transducer assembly head
- 8.2.4. Sound beams
- 8.2.5. Transducer beamforming
- 8.3. Ultrasound image generation
- 8.3.1. Ultrasound resolution
- 8.3.2. Artifacts
- 8.4. Doppler ultrasound
- 8.4.1. Continuous wave Doppler ultrasound
- 8.4.2. Pulsed Doppler ultrasound
- 8.4.3. Duplex ultrasound
- 8.4.4. Color flow Doppler ultrasound
- 8.5. Three dimensional (3D) ultrasound
- 8.6. Bioeffects
- Problems
- References
- 9. Multimodal Imaging
- 9.1. Multimodal imaging versus image fusion
- 9.2. Multimodal imaging
- 9.2.1. Anatomical data and the volume conductor model
- 9.2.2. Source modelling
- 9.2.3. Source localization
- 9.2.4. Linearly constrained minimum variance (LMCV) spatial filters
- 9.3. Image fusion
- 9.3.1. Virtual colonoscopy
- 9.3.2. Brain functionality with CT and SPECT
- 9.3.3. Biomagnetic and bioelectric imaging
- 9.4. Bioeffects
- Problems
- References
- 10. General Techniques and Applications
- 10.1. Minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery
- 10.1.1. Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass
- 10.1.2. PTMR
- 10.1.3. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
- 10.2. Minimally invasive brain surgery
- 10.2.1. Endoscopic neurosurgery and endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery
- 10.2.2. Image-guided stereotaxic brain surgery
- 10.3. Minimally invasive ophthalmalic surgery
- 10.3.1. Laser glaucoma surgery
- 10.3.2. Laser corneal reshaping surgery
- Problems
- References
- 11. Endoscopic Surgery
- 11.1. Endoscopes
- 11.1.1. Rigid endoscope
- 11.1.2. Flexible telescope
- 11.1.3. New developments and perspectives of endoscopic technology
- 11.2. Mechanical surgical tools for endoscopic surgery
- 11.2.1. Endoscopic surgical tools for dissection, ligation and suturing
- 11.2.2. Haptic feedback for endoscopic surgery
- 11.3. Endoscopic electrosurgery, ultrasonic surgery and laser surgery
- 11.3.1. Electrosurgical technologies in endoscopic surgery
- 11.3.2. Ultrasonic surgery and harmonic scalpel
- 11.3.3. Laser surgery
- 11.4. The basic procedure and equipment set-up for laparoscopic surgery
- 11.4.1. Basic procedures of laparoscopic surgery
- 11.4.2. Equipment set-ups for laparoscopic surgery
- 11.4.3. Descriptions of some laparoscopic equipment and surgical tools
- 11.4.4. New trends and perspectives of laparoscopic technology
- 11.5. Arthroscopy
- 11.5.1. Instruments
- 11.5.2. Arthroscopic knee surgery
- Problems
- References
- 12. Image-Guided Surgery
- 12.1. Image registration
- 12.1.1. Rigid body transformation
- 12.1.2. Nonrigid body transformation
- 12.1.3. Extrinsic image registration
- 12.1.4. Intrinsic image registration
- 12.1.5. Image fusion
- 12.2. Surgical planning
- 12.2.1. Generic atlas models
- 12.2.2. Visualization
- 12.3. Stereotactic surgeries
- 12.3.1. Frame-based stereotactic systems
- 12.3.2. Frameless stereotactic systems
- 12.4. Intraoperative endoscopy and microscopy
- 12.4.1. Endoscopy
- 12.4.2. Microscopy
- 12.5. X-ray fluoroscopy
- 12.6. Intraoperative computed tomography
- 12.7. Intraoperative ultrasound
- 12.8. Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging
- 12.8.1. Scanner design
- 12.8.2. Instrumentation compatibility
- 12.8.3. Instrument tracking
- 12.8.4. Data acquisition and reconstruction
- Problems
- References
- 13. Virtual and Augmented Reality in Medicine
- 13.1. Virtual environment
- 13.1.1. VR sensors
- 13.1.2. VR actuators
- 13.1.3. Augmented reality
- 13.2. Teaching
- 13.3. Diagnosis and surgical planning
- 13.3.1. Diagnosis
- 13.3.2. Surgical planning
- 13.4. VR simulations
- 13.4.1. Surgical simulation
- 13.4.2. Simulating on patient-specific data
- 13.4.3. Tissue modelling
- 13.5. Image guidance
- 13.6. Telesurgery
- Problems
- References
- 14. Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics
- 14.1. Introduction to robotics
- 14.1.1. Components of a robotic system
- 14.1.2. Conceptual models of robots
- 14.1.3. Robotic control
- 14.1.4. Robotic actuators
- 14.1.5. Robotic sensors
- 14.2. Medical robotics
- 14.2.1. Robotic endoscopes
- 14.2.2. Gastrointestinal endoscopy
- 14.2.3. Colonoscopy
- 14.2.4. Laparoscopy
- 14.2.5. Neurosurgery
- 14.2.6. Eye surgery
- 14.2.7. Orthopedic surgery
- 14.2.8. Radiosurgery
- 14.2.9. Ear surgery
- 14.3. Robotics in telesurgery
- 14.4. Safety
- Problems
- References
- 15. Ablation
- 15.1. Significance and present applications
- 15.2. Radio-frequency ablation
- 15.2.1. Background
- 15.2.2. Mechanisms of RF energy-induced tissue injury
- 15.2.3. Designs of RF ablation system
- 15.2.4. Advantages and limitations
- 15.2.5. Applications of radio-frequency ablation
- 15.2.6. Research
- 15.3. Laser ablation
- 15.3.1. Background
- 15.3.2. Laser-tissue interactions
- 15.3.3. Advantages and limitations
- 15.3.4. Applications
- 15.3.5. Current research
- 15.4. Ultrasound ablation
- 15.4.1. High-intensity focused ultrasound: background
- 15.4.2. Advantages and limitations
- 15.4.3. Applications
- 15.4.4. Research
- 15.5. Cryoablation
- 15.5.1. Background
- 15.2.2. Mechanism of tissue damage
- 15.5.3. Designs of cryoablation systems
- 15.5.4. Advantages and limitations
- 15.5.5. Applications of cryoablation
- 15.5.6. Research
- 15.6. Microwave ablation
- 15.6.1. Background
- 15.6.2. Designs
- 15.6.3. Advantages and limitations
- 15.6.4. Applications
- 15.6.5. Research
- 15.7. Chemical ablation
- 15.7.1. Applications of chemical ablation
- Problems
- References
- 16. Neuromuscular Stimulation
- 16.1. Stimulating nerve
- 16.1.1. Brain stimulation
- 16.1.2. Diaphragm stimulation
- 16.1.3. Bladder stimulation
- 16.2. Cardiac pacemakers
- 16.2.1. Lead
- 16.2.2. Power source
- 16.2.3. Sensing
- 16.2.4. Control
- 16.2.5. Pulse-generating unit
- 16.2.6. Pacing synchrony
- 16.3. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
- Problems
- References
- 17. Helical Tomotherapy
- 17.1. Introduction
- 17.2. Processes
- 17.2.1. Optimization
- 17.2.2. Megavoltage computed tomography
- 17.2.3. Registration in projection space
- 17.2.4. Delivery modification
- 17.2.5. Delivery verification
- 17.2.6. Dose reconstruction
- 17.3. Conclusions
- Problems
- References
- 18. Drug Delivery
- 18.1. Noninvasive drug delivery
- 18.1.1. Respiratory delivery
- 18.1.2. Transdermal delivery
- 18.1.3. Oral controlled-release delivery
- 18.1.4. Other noninvasive routes of administration
- 18.2. Controlled-release drug delivery
- 18.2.1. Controlled-release delivery
- 18.2.2. Targeted-release delivery
- 18.3. Controlled-dose delivery
- 18.3.1. Implantable systems and micropumps
- 18.3.2. Feedback systems
- Problems
- References
- Index