Regulation of myofibroblast differentiation and pulmonary fibrosis by cardiac glycosides /
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| Author / Creator: | La, Jennifer, author. |
|---|---|
| Imprint: | 2016. Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 |
| Description: | 1 electronic resource (125 pages) |
| Language: | English |
| Format: | E-Resource Dissertations |
| Local Note: | School code: 0330 |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/11674630 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a La, Jennifer, |e author. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Regulation of myofibroblast differentiation and pulmonary fibrosis by cardiac glycosides / |c La, Jennifer. |
| 260 | |c 2016. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Ann Arbor : |b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, |c 2016 | |
| 300 | |a 1 electronic resource (125 pages) | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Advisors: Nickolai Dulin Committee members: Konstantin Birukov; Yun Fang; Marion Hofmann-Bowman; Julian Solway. | ||
| 502 | |b Ph.D. |c University of Chicago; Biological Sciences Division; Department of Pathology |d 2016. | ||
| 510 | 4 | |a Dissertation Abstracts International, |c Volume: 78-06(E), Section: B. | |
| 520 | |a Transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFbeta1) plays a central role in the induction of myofibroblast differentiation and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Cardiac glycosides (ouabain, digoxin) inhibit the Na+/K+-ATPase and thus increase the intracellular [Na+]/[K+] ratio within cells. Previous microarray analysis showed cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the rate limiting enzyme required for the synthesis of prostaglandins, was upregulated upon ouabain treatment in multiple cell lines. Given the anti-fibrotic effects of prostaglandins through the activation of protein kinase A (PKA), we examined if cardiac glycosides stimulate COX-2 expression in human lung fibroblasts (HLF) and how they affect myofibroblast differentiation. Ouabain dramatically upregulated COX-2 expression in HLF and induced a sustained activation of PKA, which was inhibited with NS-398 (COX-2 inhibitor) and COX-2 knockdown. Ouabain induced COX-2 expression was lost with treatment of KB-R4943, a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibitor. Furthermore, ouabain inhibited TGFbeta1 stimulated Rho activation, stress fiber formation, SRF activation and myofibroblast differentiation (measured by expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin, collagen-1, and fibronectin), which were tightly coupled with the change in the intracellular [Na+]/[K+] ratio. Although the expression of COX-2 and activation of PKA were highly associated with these effects, neither the inhibition of COX-2 enzymatic activity by NS-398 nor the inhibition of COX-2 expression by siRNA or KB-R4943, rescued the effects of ouabain on TGFbeta1 stimulated myofibroblast activation. | ||
| 520 | |a When looking directly at the canonical TGFbeta1 signaling pathway, we found the inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase by K+-free media/ouabain, resulted in a dramatic downregulation of TGFbetaR2 mRNA and protein. The downregulation of TGFbetaR2 was accompanied with the inhibition of TGFbeta1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and myofibroblast differentiation. Given the essential role of TGFbetaR2 in the initiation TGFbeta1-induced signaling and the fibrotic response, we tested if overexpression of TGFbetaR2 could reverse the effects of ouabain on myofibroblast activation. Overexpression of TGFbetaR2, by multiple mechanisms, was unable to abolish the inhibitory actions of ouabain on myofibroblast differentiation. Nonetheless, the impedance of the Na+/K+-ATPase activity by ouabain dramatically suppressed TGFbeta1-induced myofibroblast differentiation at nanomolar concentrations, as a result we investigated if ouabain exhibited anti-fibrotic properties in vivo, using the bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis in cardiac glycoside sensitive mice (alpha1S/S mice). To confirm the sensitivity to cardiac glycosides in these mutant mice, we examined the effects of ouabain on both wild-type and alpha1S/S fibroblasts. Isolated wild-type mouse lung fibroblasts showed no change in TGFbetaR2 mRNA levels after ouabain treatment, while alpha1S/S mouse lung fibroblasts showed a drastic downregulation of TGFbetaR2 mRNA in the presence of ouabain, further indicating the inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase is required for the downregulation of TGFbetaR2. Moreover, mice treated with 50 microg/kg per day of ouabain after bleomycin injury, demonstrated decreased collagen deposition in the lung as compared to injured PBS controls via the hydroyproline assay. | ||
| 520 | |a Together, these data show that ouabain, through the increase in intracellular [Na+]/[K+] ratio, drives the induction of COX-2 expression and PKA activation, which is accompanied by decreased Rho activation and myofibroblast differentiation in response to TGFbeta1. Furthermore, nanomolar concentrations of ouabain profoundly downregulated TGFbetaR2, an important player in the initiation of TGFbeta1 signaling and the fibrotic response. However, COX-2 expression, PKA activation, and downregulation of TGFbetaR2 were not sufficient for inhibition of the fibrotic effects of TGFbeta1 by ouabain, suggesting additional mechanisms must exist. However, we have demonstrated ouabain potently inhibited TGFbeta1 induced myofibroblast differentiation and attenuated pulmonary fibrosis in the bleomycin model, indicating an important role of the Na+/K+-ATPase in fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. | ||
| 546 | |a English | ||
| 590 | |a School code: 0330 | ||
| 690 | |a Pathology. | ||
| 690 | |a Molecular biology. | ||
| 710 | 2 | |a University of Chicago. |e degree granting institution. | |
| 720 | 1 | |a Nickolai Dulin |e degree supervisor. | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.6082/M1VX0DQ8 |y Knowledge@UChicago |
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| 928 | |t Library of Congress classification |l Online |c UC-FullText |u https://doi.org/10.6082/M1VX0DQ8 |z Knowledge@UChicago |g ebooks |i 13287514 | ||