Heavenly numbers : astronomy and authority in early imperial China /
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Author / Creator: | Cullen, Christopher, author. |
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Edition: | First Edition. |
Imprint: | Oxford, United Kingdom ; New York, NY, United States of America : Oxford University Press, 2017. ©2017 |
Description: | xiv, 426 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm |
Language: | English |
Subject: | |
Format: | Print Book |
URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/11672713 |
Table of Contents:
- Introduction
- 1. The astronomical empire
- 1.1. Building astronomy into the foundations
- 1.2. Delivering the seasons-how 'respectfully'?
- 1.3. 'Completing the year': running a luni-solar calendar in the second century BCE
- 1.4. The origin of 'quarter remainder' values
- 1.5. Records of astronomical systems under the early empire
- 2. Li in everyday life: dates and calendars
- 2.1. Looking at a date
- 2.1.1. Lunar phases
- 2.1.2. Years and reign titles
- 2.1.3. Days-sexagenary and Julian
- 2.2. Calendars in early imperial China: from the ground up
- 2.2.1. Looking at a calendar
- 2.2.1.1. Month and year lengths
- 2.2.1.2. Marking the seasons
- 2.2.1.3. Hemerological markings
- 2.2.2. How people used calendars
- 3. The Emperor's Grand Inception, and the defeat of the Grand Clerk
- 3.1. The emperor's winter journey
- 3.2. An emperor in search of immortality
- 3.2.1. Empire and cosmos at the founding of the Han
- 3.2.2. Wudi: empire and emperor in a new cosmic order
- 3.2.3. The Yellow Emperor intervenes
- 3.3. The outcome of it all: the events of 105-104 BCE and their aftermath
- 3.3.1. The Grand Clerk's account
- 3.3.2. The account in the Han shu
- 3.3.3. The justification of the new system
- 3.3.4. The adoption of the new system
- 3.4. The affair of 78 BCE
- 3.4.1. The question of the 'six systems'
- 3.4.2. Identifying the Qin and Han systems: textual evidence
- 3.4.3. Was there any system in Qin and early Han?
- 4. The Triple Concordance system and Liu Xin's 'Grand Unified Theory'
- 4.1. The historical background of Liu Xin's work
- 4.2. A new astronomical system? Facing the problem of the planets
- 4.3. Numbers and a theory of everything
- 4.4. The structure of the Triple Concordance system
- 4.4.1. Concordance constants, long mu $$$
- 4.4.2. Deriving the constants of an astronomical system
- 4.4.3. Sequence constants, ji mu $$$
- 4.4.4. The Five Facers, wu bu $$$
- 4.4.5. Concordance workings, tong shu $$$
- 4.4.5.1. Initial conditions, Origins and Concordances
- 4.4.5.2. Predicting months and solar cycles
- 4.4.5.3. Month numbers and intercalations
- 4.4.5.4. Lunar eclipse prediction
- 4.4.6. Sequence workings, ji shu $$$
- 4.5. Testing the system? The Canon of the Ages, Shi jing $$$
- 5. The measures and forms of heaven
- 5.1. Prologue: modern measures for the stars
- 5.2. Huan Tan: the Gentleman with the clepsydra
- 5.2.1. Listing the lodges
- 5.3. What was the use of the lodge system?
- 5.4. How could Huan Tan have found the 'correct du' of lodges?
- 5.4.1. Reconstructing Huan Tan's measurements
- 5.5. Locating the sun among the lodges, and the shape of the heavens
- 5.6. From model to cosmos: the Zhou bi $$$
- 5.6.1. The size and shape of the gai tian $$$ cosmos
- 5.6.2. The strange case of the north polar distances
- 5.7. Changing measurements, instruments, and pictures of the cosmos
- 5.8. Huan Tan criticizes the gai tian, and Yang Xiong adopts the hun tian
- 6. Restoration and re-creation in the Eastern Han
- 6.1. Adopting a new astronomical system: from the Triple Concordance to the Han Quarter Remainder
- 6.2. The Han Quarter Remainder system and its observational basis
- 6.2.1. Choosing a new system origin
- 6.2.2. Tile origin of the Han Quarter Remainder system's constants
- 6.3. Thu work of Jia Kui
- 6.3.1. The significance of a physical explanation of eclipses in relation to astronomical systems
- 6.3.2. Jia Kui and the importance of the ecliptic in observation and calculation
- 6.3.3. The normalization of armillary instruments, and their projection back into the past
- 6.3.4. Jia Kui and the measures of the celestial sphere
- 6.3.5. Jia Kui and the speed of the moon the Nine Roads
- 6.3.5.1. The moon in motion: its path and speed
- 6.3.5.2. The Nine Roads before Jia Kui
- 6.3.5.3. Jia Kui on the moon
- 6.4. The solar tables of Huo Rong: fitting it all together (but not quite ...)
- 6.4.1. The structure of the table
- 6.4.2. The observational basis of the table
- 6.4.3. Calculated quantities
- 6.4.4. Advances and retardations
- 6.5. Zhang Heng: a reputation, its origins, and its consequences
- 6.5.1. The nature and size of heaven and earth, and of the heavenly bodies
- 6.5.2. Constructing and using instruments
- 6.5.3. The celestial sphere: solving the problem of ecliptic and equatorial motion
- 7. The age of debates
- 7.1. Whose voices were heard? Two outsiders
- 7.1.1. The case of Lang Yi
- 7.1.2. The case of Xiang Kai
- 7.2. The debates
- 7.2.1. Styles and records of argument in ancient western and eastern Eurasia
- 7.2.2. The institution of the yi and the background of controversy
- 7.2.3. Cai Yong and the debate of 175 CE
- 7.2.4. The heavens as a locus of controversy: issues and resources for debate
- 8. Liu Hong and the conquest of the moon
- 8.1. The work of Liu Hong
- 8.1.1. Liu Hong as trusted consultant-and the case of an expert commoner
- 8.1.2. The Uranic Manifestation system
- 8.2. Modelling the motions of the moon
- 8.2.1. Liu Hong's speed sequence
- 8.2.2. Lunar latitude
- 8.3. Solar eclipses as predictable portents
- 8.3.1. Eclipses and eclipse limits
- 8.3.2. Testing the prediction system
- 8.3.3. Liu Hong's solar eclipse prediction
- 8.3.4. After Liu Hong
- 9. Epilogue
- Bibliographies
- Index